In recent years, drone technologies have been explored for a range of applications in conservation including (but not limited to) mapping, biodiversity inventories, antipoaching patrols, wildlife tracking, and fire monitoring. The rise of customizable, open-source drones like those of ArduPilot and OpenROV hold promise for more effective conservation applications, and combined with other monitoring sensors and devices, they are capable of collecting high-resolution data quickly, noninvasively, and at relatively low cost.
However, challenges remain in putting these tools to use. A recent paper reviewing 256 conservation drone projects highlighted some of these major obstacles, ranging from unintended social and ecological consequences of drone operations to still prohibitive costs, both in terms of hardware and in terms of storing and processing large volumes of data. The longstanding challenge of power/battery life remains as well.
If you're considering trying out drones for yourself, and want to explore the possibilities and understand the major conversations happening around this technology, check out these beginner's resources and conversations from across the WILDLABS platform:
Three Resources for Beginners:
- Conservation Technology User Guidelines Issue 5: Drones, World Wildlife Fund | Drones, best practices, ethics, regulations, case studies
- WILDLABS Virtual Meetup Recording: Drones, Craig Elder, Dr. Claire Burke, and Gabriel Levin | Drones, thermal camera, wildlife crime, ML, biologging
- New Paper: Drones and Bornean Orangutan Distribution, Sol Milne | Drones, data analysis, citizen science, community science, primates
Three Forum Threads for Beginners:
- Curious about radio-tracking with drones? | Wildlife Drones, Biologging (5 replies)
- Drones for GIS Best practice Document | Adrian Hughes, Drones (10 replies)
- WWF Conservation Technology Series: Drones in Conservation | Aurélie Shapiro, Drones (7 replies)
Three Tutorials for Beginners:
- How do I use a drone to capture radio-tracking data? | Debbie Saunders, Tech Tutors
- How do I choose the right drone for my conservation goals? | Shashank Srinivasan, Tech Tutors
- How do I strategically allocate drones for conservation? | Elizabeth Bondi, Tech Tutors
Want to know more about using drones, and learn from experts in the WILDLABS community? Make sure you join the conversation in our Drones group!
*Header photo: Parker Levinson, Point Blue Conservation Science
Ecodash.ai is an artificial intelligence platform for ecological modeling, design, and restoration.

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Zoological Society London (ZSL)
I am a benthic ecologist using low-cost tech to explore seabed habitats in temperate and cold water.

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- @Tim_Hofmeester
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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Researcher studying human-wildlife coexistence -- Camera trapper
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- @CourtneyShuert
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I am a behavioural ecologist and eco-physiologist interested in individual differences in marine mammals and other predators


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Software Tester and Test Automator at Wildlife Protection Solutions
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- @williams
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I am a conservationist specializing in endangered species, particularly vultures. As the Endangered Species Conservation Coordinator/Co-Founder at Biota Conservation Hub Foundation (BiotaCHF), I have conducted extensive research/conservation of vultures and other water birds.
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Wildlife Protection Solutions (WPS)
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- @KathHecht
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I am a biologist/ecologist without concrete specialisation. New Zealand's unique but fragile flora & fauna have taught me the importance of increasing awareness with locals and visitors alike. This is my constant motivator.
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- @aniyaz533
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A keen willdlife biologist looking forward to work on Otters ecology in Himalayan landscape
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Technologist. Civic Science Fellow & Data Inclusion Specialist at OEDP.

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Increasingly complex research questions and global challenges are driving rapid development, refinement, and uses of technology in ecology. This trend is spawning a distinct sub‐discipline, dubbed “technoecology” by...
9 May 2018
This month, we're following along with the scientists and engineers from the Simons Collaboration on Ocean Processes and Ecology (SCOPE) and the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) who working together to...
23 April 2018
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10 April 2018
If you have ever flown over the Pacific and looked down from the window seat, the water seems still. Viewed from this distance, the water appears stagnant with unmoving dashes of waves. This picture strikes discordantly...
3 April 2018
Hundreds of people joined our #Tech4Wildlife photo challenge this year, showcasing all the incredible ways tech is being used to support wildlife conservation. We've seen proximity loggers on Tasmanian Devils in...
3 March 2018
With Arctic sea ice disappearing, can advanced sensor technologies provide insights into an ecosystem on the brink?
30 November 2017
It’s one thing to hear that a project is working, it’s another thing entirely to see the data brought to life. Using submersible and aerial drones, as well as scientists with snorkels and digital cameras, The Nature...
4 October 2017
Earlier this year, WILDLABS community member Shashank Srinivasan was involved in an operation to capture the Pilibhit man-eater. In this account, he shares how they successfully managed to tranquilize and capture the...
10 August 2017
In this From the Field interview, we speak to Eric Becker, a conservation technology engineer at the World Wildlife Fund US. He talks about his work in technology design and the key challenges he's experienced...
22 May 2017
Are you ready for this year's #Tech4Wildlife Photo Challenge? In anticipation, we're counting down our ten favourite entries from last year. Do you think you can top these?
1 March 2017
The Conservation Leadership Programme (CLP) is a training and capacity building programme that targets individuals from developing countries who are early in their conservation career and demonstrate leadership...
21 November 2016
Do you work on conserving Neotropical migratory birds? Do you need funding? Why not apply for a grant from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act's grant program? The...
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July 2024
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Description | Activity | Replies | Groups | Updated |
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Hi Donya! You might check out the Conservation Tech Directory to see what projects/organizations/tools best align with your interests and skills. |
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Acoustics, AI for Conservation, Camera Traps, Drones | 1 year 11 months ago | |
Do you have a wild animal tracking story that involves adventure or misadventure? Share it with us! From going around in circles for hours... |
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Animal Movement, Citizen Science, Drones, Geospatial | 2 years ago | |
GeoNadir and OpenDroneMap might be of interest for drones?The Conservation Tech Directory might have some additional projects/tools of note. |
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Data management and processing tools, Drones | 2 years 1 month ago | |
Following up here... a few of us huddled virtually and assembled standardized metadata, standardized sample code, and sample annotated images for all the datasets on that list.... |
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Drones | 2 years 1 month ago | |
Hi Jeremy, With a quick search I've found the paper linked below. It looks like equipments such as Livox MID are sufficient for plot-level analyses, but not for individual... |
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Drones, Earth Observation 101 Community, Emerging Tech, Geospatial, Sensors | 2 years 1 month ago | |
Thank you so much for your reply! I'll look in to this now :) |
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Acoustics, Autonomous Camera Traps for Insects, Camera Traps, Data management and processing tools, Drones, Geospatial, Software Development | 2 years 1 month ago | |
I couldn't agree more with both of these comments tom! I'm reading hundreds (literally hundreds) of applications for open WILDLABS roles at the moment, and the ones that stand out... |
+2
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AI for Conservation, Drones, Early Career, Sensors | 2 years 2 months ago | |
Hi all,I've been quickly developing in-house drone services in the UK for Providence Ecological and have found some useful information for building a workflow with Rich... |
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Geospatial, Drones | 2 years 2 months ago | |
Hi folks, @Lars_Holst_Hansen asked this over on twitter and hasn't had any replies yet, so I thought it might be something that... |
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Drones | 2 years 3 months ago | |
Bluesky have a commercial tree crown dataset available covering most of Great Britain (England, Wales and parts of Scotland). There is a canopy layer with approximate outlines of... |
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AI for Conservation, Drones | 2 years 3 months ago | |
My original background is in ecology and conservation, and am now in the elected leadership of the Gathering for Open Science Hardware which convenes researchers developing open... |
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AI for Conservation, Animal Movement, Camera Traps, Conservation Tech Training and Education, Data management and processing tools, Drones, Emerging Tech, Sensors | 2 years 4 months ago | |
Hey Sol, The only way for you to collect information from a GPS tag attached to a FAD is if that tag transmits that data to the drone. Unfortunately most receiver packages... |
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Drones, Emerging Tech, Open Source Solutions | 2 years 6 months ago |
Viral bear video shows how drones threaten wildlife – and what to do about it
22 November 2018 12:00am
Infrared filters for drone cameras
3 August 2017 11:17am
23 May 2018 9:41am
Hi Thom,
Did you have any luck with the DIY sensor?
Sam
10 November 2018 11:40am
If you need a piece of exposed (black) film then please get in touch. I still take "real" slides and have a few black frames at start and end of each roll of film.
Drones, Orangutans, and Strangler Figs in Malaysian Borneo
22 October 2018 12:00am
Multispectral Cameras
27 September 2018 2:38pm
Underwater Robot Trained to Kill Coral-Destroying Reef Starfish
18 September 2018 12:00am
Thermal imaging, drones, and sea turtles: a case study using FLIR’s new Duo Pro R camera
23 August 2018 12:00am
Drone Applications in Water Quality Research?
14 March 2018 4:42pm
16 March 2018 5:49am
Hi Ned,
Thank you so much for your response!
I absolutely agree- going out and testing flights over water at different angles and times of the day would be best. I'll look into a polarizing filter. I have spoken with some colleagues who recommend flying between noon and 3pm, and also that a cloudy day with diffused light can actually be quite helpful to avoid glint. I will look into the oil spill mapping - sounds very interesting. I've also heard that drones are sometimes restricted from oil spill regions due to risks of battery-caused fires (if the drones fall into the water).
Ved! Fantastic idea. I used to work with him down at Ames, so I will certainly reach out. Thank you for the reminder!
Cheers,
Chippie
6 June 2018 6:48pm
Hi CHippie - I am wondering how your thoughts are progressing on this topic? Please let us know an update.
Thanks
Michael
9 June 2018 12:10am
Hi Michael!
Thanks so much for following up. I have yet to really get my feet wet with drones & algal blooms (my water quality issue of interest at the moment), but what I gathered from my literature review is that hyperspectral cameras are a much more precise option than multispectral cameras for algal identification. I'm hoping to try out a red-edge camera to see if there is anything spectrally interesting, as I do not currently have access to a hyperspectral camera. For the time being, I am hoping to play with a MicaSense camera over wet habitat and see if anything can be observed. I'll keep you posted if I find anything of interest!
Thanks,
Chippie
From drone swarms to tree batteries, new tech is revolutionising ecology and conservation

9 May 2018 12:00am
Tethered UAVs
14 March 2018 4:29pm
27 April 2018 11:46pm
Thanks - I did look into blimps but the helium problem is a big one for remote work. I do have a couple UAVs but the area I work is tricky (airport, waterdrome, and helicopter landing with occasional ships that carry helicopters). my hope was for a tethered solution that could run for longer than the 20min battery life of a drone. thanks for the info.
27 April 2018 11:53pm
thanks I adnt thought of kites - I will have to test one in the field this year. I imagined one of the advantages of a tethered UAV is that I can parasitize all the camera elements (gimble stabilization, pan/tilt/zoom, and real time viewing of the imagery). Maybe I could just secure a cheap UAV under a kite... I wonder how I choose the correct kite size.
28 April 2018 5:13pm
hi Stephen,
Kites have gimbals too (ranging from simple strings to metal rigs) and you can connect to a camera much like a drone. In my case I have a gimbal hanging on a string, and to connect to my camera I get live connection and can change settings with the GoPro app! this website has lots of info - size of the kite depends on payload (some people fly SLRs!) and wind.
Www.kapshop.com
Eddy Expedition Log: Characterizing Eddies
23 April 2018 12:00am
Eddy Expedition Log: Chasing Eddies
10 April 2018 12:00am
Eddy Expedition Log: Setting Off to Explore Eddies
3 April 2018 12:00am
#Tech4Wildlife Photo Challenge 2018: Our Top 10
3 March 2018 12:00am
Online Course: Drones for Land Trust Monitoring and Management with Duke Marine Robotics & Remote Sensing Lab
25 January 2018 12:00am
Technology Empowered Conservation Lecture Series
18 January 2018 12:00am
"harvesting" camera traps, bioacoustic sensors via drones
3 November 2017 4:12pm
15 November 2017 7:05pm
NASA/NOAA did something like this with microbuoys for ocean temp sensing in the arctic - drone deploys (drops) micrbuoys and repeatedly returns to fly over fetching data over the following days and weeks
http://www.arcticobservingsummit.org/sites/arcticobservingsummit.org/files/Bradley_Microbuoys_AOS.pdf
Do you have a specific use case /location in mind?
If we could find research funding I'd be interested, I can fly &build UAS but this is also an interesting data management opportunity which I'm very interested in.
Perhaps you could mod the Ardupilot tracking antenna system if really needed but if you're flying in the vicinity with line of sight I bet you don't even need to aim the antenna
17 November 2017 2:31am
I've seen a couple of papers on similar capabilities, both with airborne drones as well as underwater drones, so there've been folks working on it. @emjay has a good point that the sensor nodes need to support this, which could be a bit tricky depending on your tolerance for battery life. What types of sensors are you thinking about supporting?
21 December 2017 3:48am
Hi Chris,
Your project sounds interesting! How's it coming along?
I'm based in the SF Bay Area. I don't have much drone experience, but it's something that I've been looking into recently. I'm currently working on a face recgnition system for brown bears with a bear researcher in BC, Canada. The goal is to identify bears on the data from camera traps to monitor populations and such. Currently the data is only collected a few times a season.
I agree with @emjay that the ground assets may be an issue. Do you have any thoughts on that front?
In any case, if you have some time in the coming weeks, I'd be happy to get together in the coming weeks to talk it over.
Ed
Drones: the pros and cons for community-based monitoring
10 December 2017 12:43pm
How The San Diego Zoo Is Using AI And Drones To Save Polar Bears
30 November 2017 12:00am
Kids, Drones & Science At The Water’s Edge
4 October 2017 12:00am
New paper on using drones in challenging environments
24 August 2017 9:04am
24 August 2017 4:57pm
Excellent - started reading this yesterday. This is a very timely and pertinent paper. Thanks for sharing.
Drone Tracker
23 August 2017 6:47am
24 August 2017 2:54am
Hi Lot,
Thank you for your input. Currently we are the end user instead of developer. That means, we are still using commercial drone like DJI series. However the link that you give absolutely useful for our upcoming innovation plans.
Since we still using commercial type quadcopter, I'm looking for stand alone tracker that work as seperate system from the drone. In other words, this tracker will not be affected should the drone system crash.
So far me and my team come across this device
http://www.dronesmadeeasy.com/Marco-Polo-Drone-Tracker-RF-Recovery-p/marco_polo_1.htm
Unfortunately, the radio signal frequency range so far not approved by Malaysian authority. So, I'm looking for other option.
Anyone in this forum have other option/ opinion?
Regards,
Mazidi
24 August 2017 6:51am
Hi Mazidi,
A couple of options;
- Marco Polo. http://eurekaproducts.com/rc-model-tracking-and-recovery/
I know of people who have relocated their machine using this device.
- Conventional VHF for wildlife tracking. old but solid technology.
Also have a look at commercial / open source devices used for model rockets.
regards
MJ
EDIT: I see that you have already identified Marco Polo.
24 August 2017 1:15pm
Hi Mazidi, all the systems that I recommended are separate systems with their own GPS, not connected to the drone.
Just the last one was the only finished product.
Good luck. Please tell us if you found something good and cheap!
A first-person account of the capture of a tiger in Pilibhit: Four elephants and a bulldozer, as seen from a drone
10 August 2017 12:00am
[ARCHIVE] Funding Opportunity: Leverage space technology for wildlife protection
6 July 2017 12:58pm
[ARCHIVE] OpenAerialMap
19 June 2017 10:54am
28 June 2017 5:27pm
For those who couldn't make it to the webinar, there's a recording at https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B0smOWFNRzuoLXpPSWREUnE2YzA/view. What do people think? Is this the future of aerial imagery data management?
Best Practice for Using Drones for Conservation: Let's create a living guidelines document
3 February 2017 10:13am
3 April 2017 8:45am
There's also GitLab. Again, it's probably not perfect as it's designed for coding, but I'm currently using it with a conference organising committee.
3 April 2017 9:44am
I personally think a wiki would be best.
23 June 2017 5:23pm
People in this thread might be interested in this special issue of remote sensing in ecology and conservation, looking for papers on "New Approaches to Citizen Science". Submissions close 15th July
http://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/hub/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2056-3485/journal-menu/call-for-papers.html
OpenDroneMap
3 April 2017 9:24am
8 April 2017 5:56pm
Hi Thomas,
I tested it with some success, Pix4D offers more quality but ODM is doing the job quite well.
Since the process is quite demanding I will recomend you to execute ODM nativelly without virtual machine.
Maybe you can go directly for webODM:
https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/WebODM
19 June 2017 10:51am
Thanks @Lot ; I did try looking at WebODM but I even found this to be quite a convoluted process to get running. I've just volunteered as a tester for a new Windows one-click install for WebODM, so I'll take a look this week and feed back on this thread.
19 June 2017 11:20am
Cool! Thanks @Tomas Starnes.
Meanwhile, http://precisionmapper.com/ has adopted the freemium model, so the first 60 maps by year are free, It's not open source but its free. I tried and works well, the 2d maps are perfect, the 3D digital model of terrain it's not the best but it's ok.
Ground Control Points
19 May 2017 2:49pm
30 May 2017 8:47am
Hey @ahughes_rspb , thanks for starting this thread! It would be really useful to share experience on GCPs in particular. We're about to start experimenting by processing images with and without GCPs, but I expect that others are ahead of us with this. I'm particularly interested in point 4 - how much to GCPs affect the vertical accuracy of DSMs? Any advice?
From the Field: Eric Becker and designing sensors for wildlife
22 May 2017 12:00am
UAV for surveying river dolphins in the Amazon
14 February 2017 5:40pm
7 April 2017 4:00pm
Many thanks Tom. Your tips were very useful.
Have a look on the video with subtitles.
https://vimeo.com/208864580
By the way, conservationdrones is a partner and will work on the algorithm.
Cheers
7 April 2017 4:04pm
Many thanks indeed.
Please have a look at this video: https://vimeo.com/208864580
here you can see how we are working on the project.
Cheers
26 April 2017 2:50pm
Hi Marcelo,
To improve autonomy, you'll either need less weight on your drone, better batteries, or what about a fixed wing aircraft? Look at the parrot disco - it's much cheaper than the eBee, and you can outfit it with a downward facing camera instead of the forward, though it seems from your video, the one it has is fine). Those things can fly much longer than copters.
best,
aurélie
Aerial seeding with drones
19 April 2017 1:09pm
19 April 2017 2:35pm
This is really fascinating! This could also be potentially useful as a way to distribute vaccines for wildlife and livestock!
22 August 2017 3:09am
Although not for NDVI but worth a mention for anyone looking at converting a camera into IR only.
I have had sucess using a DIY filter made out of blank processed camera film from a disposable camera. So long as you can still find somewhere to process the film (or do it yourself) you just cut the processed film (negatives) and replace the digital cameras IR filter (placed over the cameras sensor). This will simply turn the camera into an IR camera only so won't fit your requirement for NDVI but thought that it is worth posting if others are looking at converting a camera or Go-Pro into an IR camera.